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Aken 2. Jmm.

ve/diaz MFETERS, PHOTO Lmwan WASHINGTON D C JOI-IN LOUIS ROLLAND, .OF PARIS, FRANCE.

'MACHINE FOR IKNIEADING DOUGH.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 12,217, datedlanuary 9, 1855.

To all whom may concern Be it known that I, JOHN 4Loiors ROLLAND, of the city of Paris, in the Empire of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for Kneeding Dough,

of which the following is a clear and exact description, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of the specification.

For these improvements Letters Patent have been granted to me by the Government of France, dated 11th of April 1851.

Figure lrepresents a side view of the machine; Fig. 2, a top view; Fig. 3, a section upon the line Av A of Fig. 2; Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, s, 9, 1c, 1i, i2, 13, i4, 15, i6, i7, 18 and 19 are modifications of the same.

From long experience and experiments I have found that the machines hitherto constructed and used for kneading dough, do not perform the operation of kneading in a similar manner to that done by hand. It is not suiiicient that the flour, yeast, water, are only mixed together, the dough requires also to be drawn out, worked and divided, so that all parts of the dough are `well mixed together, and that they come in Contact with the air, in order to be brought to the proper condition for baking.

To obtain the proper result by means of machines, I have made the presentinvention which consists in the use of two open frames fixed to an axis. Within each frame there are a number of long and short bladesthe frames work within a trough and are set in motion by a suitable gearing.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the manner in which it isconstructed and operated.

B (see Figs. 1, 2, 3) is the-trough with a cylindrical bottom, which may be placed upon legs or other supports, it may be of wood lined with sheet metal, or made en tirely of metal.

The axis E of the working or kneading frame rests in boxes F F which are secured to the sides B B of the trough; to the axis E are xed the frames D D. These frames may be straight or curved in the form of the letter S as represented in Fig. 3, and are composed of several long and short blades. The long blades G G G G are fixed to the axis, and on their extreme ends to a horizontal bar I, as shown in Fig. 2. Between each pair of long blades, there areviixed shorter ones.

The short blades H I-I4 are fixed to thev horizontal bars I I, their ends are rounded up. The edges of the long as well asof the short blades may be made sharp or blunt, as the nature of the dough may require it. The frames are set in motion by means of cog wheels, fly wheels, or other mechanical contrivances. From this peculiar arrangement of the frames, it will be seen that after the fiour, yeast and water have been gradually formed into dough the frame, by means of the horizontal crossbar, lifts the dough from the bottom of the trough, and in carrying it forward in the direction of the arrow, the dough passes through the spaces between the long and short blades, and is drawn out in thin bands, untilthe frame rises gradually to a horizontal position when the dough falls back into the trough again, when it is again carried forward and divided, drawn out and worked by the succeeding frame.

The frame and the position and number of the blades may be modified according to the nature of the dough. We give here a number of modifications:

Fig. L tf-Here the length of the short blades is varied. They are inversely symmetric in the opposite side of the frames.

Fig. 5.-The same arrangement as in Fig. 3 ,-only the blades are somewhat inclined.

Fig. 6.- The same arrangement as in Fig. 2 g-only the blades are inclined and the short ones are fixed on the axis and not on the horizontal cross bar. The blades may be also perpendicular to the axis.

Fig. 7 .-An arrangementresembling Fig. 6. The length of the short blades is on the same principle as in Fig. 4.

Fig. 8.-A combination of the arrangements represented in Figs. 6 and 7.

Fig. 9.-The short blades are suppressed. The long ones are sharp and in oblique position. 'Ihe sharpness is wanted for hard paste, and t-he inclined position of the narrow blades allows the suppression of the short blades.

Fig. 10.-'I`he long and short blades are arranged as in all the preceding figures, but

lthey are not in the same plane, that is to say,

each frame instead of forming a port-ion of a cylindrical surface, forms a portion of a helicoid. In this case as well as in all the others, one or two frames may be used.v

Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.-In these contrivances the axis is suppressed and short gudgeons are Xed to the side of the frame.

The sides of the frame to which the gud` geons are fixed may be straight or shaped like S.

Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19.-Arrangements adapted for Very hard dough,.espeoa11y for sea-biscuit. The axis of the agitator is provided With large blades perpendicular or oblique, and they are fixed to the axis in a straight or helicoid line. sharp or blunt.

They may be made What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The use of open frames for kneading dough composed alternately of long and short blades projecting inwardly from the cross bars, and operating in the manner substantially as set forth.

Paris December 12th 1856.

ROLLAND.

Witnesses F. WERMUTH, L. CLoUET. 

